Vitiligo, characterized by the loss of skin pigmentation, affects millions worldwide, leading to distinctive white patches on the skin. Despite its prevalence, many misconceptions surround Vitiligo, resulting in persistent stigma. However, recent advances have transformed the outlook for individuals with this condition. This guide addresses common questions, dispels myths, and provides comprehensive insights into managing Vitiligo effectively. Let’s dive in.
What is Vitiligo?
Vitiligo (pronounced vi-tih-LIE-go) is an autoimmune skin condition resulting in the loss of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. This loss can result in pale, milky-white patches on the skin, potentially affecting self-esteem and quality of life.
Commonly Asked Questions About Vitiligo
Is Vitiligo Genetic?
While the exact cause of Vitiligo remains unknown, genetics play a significant role in its development. Studies show that approximately 30% of individuals with Vitiligo have a family member with the condition, suggesting a hereditary component.
Are there specific genetic markers or tests available to identify individuals at risk?
According to board-certified dermatologist and TDS Chief Medical Officer Dr. Beau DiCicco, “There are no reliable genetic or serologic (blood) tests to predict your likelihood of developing Vitiligo, however upon a diagnosis of Vitiligo your doctor may opt to perform tests for other autoimmune conditions such as those that can affect the thyroid.”
Is Vitiligo Contagious?
Vitiligo is not contagious. It cannot spread from person to person through touch, bodily fluids, or proximity. This common misconception can lead to unnecessary stigma and misunderstanding.
What Causes Vitiligo to Spread?
Several factors can trigger or exacerbate the spread of Vitiligo, including:
What are some proactive measures patients can take to minimize the spread of Vitiligo?
Dr. DiCicco explains, “Proactively, the best thing a person can do is optimize skin health, which is to say diligently protect your skin from the sun’s UV with SPFs and UPF clothing and keep the skin moisturized. Above all else, coordinate with a dermatologist earlier rather than later to discuss topical and, in some cases, systemic medications to mitigate the spread and recover lost pigment.”
How Do You Know If You Have Vitiligo?
Vitiligo typically presents as well-defined white patches that progressively lose pigmentation. Common areas affected include the face, hands, arms, feet, and genitals. A dermatologist can confirm a diagnosis through a visual examination and, if necessary, a biopsy or Wood’s lamp test.
Can White People Get Vitiligo?
Yes, individuals of all ethnicities and skin types, including Caucasians, can develop Vitiligo. However, the condition is often more noticeable in those with darker skin due to the contrast between affected and unaffected skin.
Does Vitiligo Cause Other Health Problems?
Vitiligo itself exclusively affects pigment-producing cells in the skin and does not directly cause other health issues. This loss of pigment makes one much more susceptible to sunburns and, if not protected from them, can substantially increase the chances of developing skin cancer and sun-related aging. Other autoimmune diseases, such as thyroid disorders, diabetes, and alopecia areata, do occur more often in those with Vitiligo; your doctor may opt to screen for these if you have a family history of them or are presenting with symptoms.
Can Vitiligo Be Cured?
Currently, there is no known cure for Vitiligo. That said, numerous effective treatments, including a newly approved topical medication and several systemic medications on the horizon, can effectively recover pigment and control spread.
Effective Vitiligo Treatments
Historically, the standard of care for Vitiligo has been using targeted and dose-controlled light therapy of specific wavelengths (delivered by laser or “light-box”) to decrease inflammation in the skin and stimulate melanin-producing cells in combination with direct topical anti-inflammatory medications such as corticosteroid and calcineurin inhibitor creams.
This year, the FDA approved a first-of-its-class topical medication, Ruxolitinib, to treat Vitiligo, and approvals for new effective systemic medications are in the very near future.
Sponsored Spotlight: Advanced Vitiligo Treatment by InCyte
We’re proud to partner with InCyte to highlight their innovative new treatment for Vitiligo:
Disclaimer: Opzelura™ is not suitable for everyone and, if interested, you would need to consult one of our Medical Providers.
How effective have your patients found Opzelura™ compared to other traditional treatments?
According to Dr. DiCicco,“Topical JAK inhibitors have played an important role for dermatologists in the treatment of Vitiligo and represent an important treatment alternative to traditional corticosteroids.”
Essential Vitiligo Skin Care Tips
Managing Vitiligo effectively involves proactive skincare:
Are there specific skincare products or ingredients patients should avoid or prefer?
Dr. DiCicco recommends, “Focus on low allergenicity, gentle products that work for you, and most importantly, incorporate an everyday SPF, like Dune Suncare, diligently into your routines.” All products are available for purchase at The Dermatology Specialists across New York, Delaware, and Philadelphia.
